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The role of intrinsic laryngeal muscles primarily involves changing the shape of the glottis and, consequently, regulating airflow during phonation. These muscles are responsible for adjusting the tension and position of the vocal folds (vocal cords) within the larynx. When the intrinsic muscles contract, they can either approximate or separate the vocal folds, allowing for control over pitch and intensity of voice. For instance, when these muscles narrow the glottis, it increases subglottic pressure, which leads to a more intense sound.
While changing the shape of the glottis is fundamental to sound production, the intrinsic laryngeal muscles also play a crucial role in the overall function of the larynx, including protecting the airway during swallowing and aiding in the regulation of airflow. However, their primary function hinges on their ability to manipulate the vocal folds directly, fostering variations in voice production. This dynamic action is essential for effective communication, emphasizing the importance of intrinsic laryngeal muscles in both sound generation and vocal modulation.